Abstract: In the family Lipomycetaceae, the seven genera Waltomyces, Zygozyma, Babjevia, Smithiozyma, Kawasakia, Limtongia and Kockiozyma were introduced. However, all of them were neither accepted nor recognized. This paper described the historical surveys in the systematics of the Lipomycetaceous yeasts and confirmed the total of ten genera within the family Lipomycetaceae, i.e., the genus Lipomyces sensu stricto (the type genus), the above-mentioned seven genera, the monotypic genus Dipodascopsis and the new genus Neoaidaea from the phylogenetic and the phenotypic points of view.

Keywords: Lipomyces sensu stricto; Waltomyces; Zygozyma; Babjevia; Smithiozyma; Limtongia; Kockiozyma; Dipodascopsis; Neoaidaea gen. nov.

Title: The Revision of Lipomycetaceae

Author: Yuzo Yamada, Huong Thi Lan Vu, Pattaraporn Yukphan, Somboon Tanasupawat

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 64-72

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 28-October-2023

Abstract: In the family Saccharomycetaceae, the genus Eremothecium Borzi emend. Kurtzman (1995) included the five species that were on the whole characterized by the complex distribution of isoprenoid quinone homologues (Q-5, Q-6, Q-7, Q-8 and Q-9) as well as of needle-shaped ascospore ornamentation within the emended genus. However, the calculated pair-wise sequence similarities among the five species were very low (94.7 - 96.5%, i.e., below 98%) in the 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 domain sequences. The experimental data obtained indicated that the emended genus was not taxonomic homogeneous- but heterogeneous-natured, showing that the five species appropriately accommodated to their own separate five genera as Eremothecium cymbalariae, Nematospora coryli, Ashbya gossypii, Crebrothecium ashbyi and Holleya sinecauda. In addition, the taxonomic reliability of isoprenoid quinone homologues was discussed in detail.

Keywords: Crebrothecium ashbyi; Nematospora coryli; Eremothecium cymbalariae; Ashbya gossypii; Holleya sinecauda.

Title: The Subdivision of the Genus Eremothecium Borzi emend. Kurtzman (1995)

Author: Taweesak Malimas, Huong Thi Lan Vu, Pattaraporn Yukphan, Somboon Tanasupawat, Yuzo Yamada

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 58-63

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 25-October-2023

Abstract: This article discusses the water activity (aw) of cakes and its relationship with temperature and the primary components of cakes. Water activity is an important factor that affects the shelf life, texture, flavour, and stability of food products, including cakes and affects quality of the food products. The study found that the water activity of cakes increased as the temperature rose between 20 and 30°C. The moisture content was identified as the most significant factor influencing the variation in water activity with temperature. Adjusting the moisture content during cake production can help maintain consistent water activity levels and improve product quality. The article aims to determine water activity in selected cake products at different temperatures and study the relationship between water activity and the contents of primary components in cakes.

Keywords: Bakery food products, water activity, moisture content.

Title: Effects of the Primary Components of Cake on Water Activity

Author: Sowmya K L, Dr. Ramalingappa B

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 53-57

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 19-October-2023

Abstract: The genus Tetrapisispora was introduced with the following four species; T. arboricola, T. iriomotenensis, T. nanseiensis and T. phaffii (the type species). Later, the three species were additionally accommodated to the genus; T, blattae, T. fleetii and T. namnaonensis. Of all the seven species, Tetrapisispora blattae represented an abnormally long branch in the phylogenetic trees based on the 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 domain and the 18S rRNA gene sequences derived from the neighbour-joining method. The calculated pair-wise 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 domain sequence similarities were extremely low (81.2 - 95.7%) within the genus. Except for T. blattae, the similarities were 90.3 - 95.7% among them. From the phylogenetic data obtained, Nishimuraea gen. nov. was introduced along with Nishimuraea blattae comb. nov.

Keywords: Tetrapisispora phaffii; Tetrapisispora blattae; Tetrapisispora namnaonensis; Nishimuraea gen. nov.; Nishimuraea blattae comb. nov.

Title: The Generic Circumscription of Tetrapisispora Ueda-Nishimura et Mikata (1999) (Saccharomycetaceae): The Proposal of Nishimuraea gen. nov.

Author: Taweesak Malimas, Huong Thi Lan Vu, Pattaraporn Yukphan, Somboon Tanasupawat, Yuzo Yamada

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 48-52

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 16-October-2023

Abstract: The genus Wickerhamomyces Kurtzman et al. (2008) was extremely diverse phylogenetically, since a large number of species were equipped with long branches. Of the genus, Wickerhamomyces anomalus (= Hansenula anomala) and the remaining eight species mutually produced a large cluster with short branches. The pair-wise sequence similarities of H. anomala were very high (96.5-99.1%) to the eight species. Thus, the genus Hansenula Sydow et Sydow (1919) was revived as a taxonomic homogeneous-natured taxon and phylogenetically and taxonomically separated from the genus Wickerhamomyces. In addition, the genus Wickerhamomyces was designated as the double generic-structured, along with the genus Lipomyces sensu Kurtzman et al. (as the multiple generic-structured) and the genus Schizosaccharomyces sensu Kurtzman et Robnett (as the quadruple generic-structured). The three genera actually corresponded respectively to a higher-ranked taxon, i.e., the subfamily or the family.

Keywords: Wickerhamomyces canadensis; Wickerhamomyces anomalus; Hansenula anomala; Hansenula lynferdii; Hansenula myamarensis.

Title: The genus Hansenula Sydow et Sydow (1919) nom. rev. and the genus Wickerhamomyces Kurtzman et al. (2008)

Author: Taweesak Malimas, Huong Thi Lan Vu, Pattaraporn Yukphan, Somboon Tanasupawat, Yuzo Yamada

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 42-47

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 12-October-2023

Abstract: In the family Mrakiaceae, the type genus Mrakia senseu stricto included five teleomorphic species with the type species, Mrakia frigida. In contrast, the anamorphic genus Mrakiella sensu stricto contained nine species with the type species, Mrakiella cryoconiti. Between the two genera, the completely separated clusters were shown respectively in the phylogenetic tree based on the 28S rRNA gene D1/D2 domain sequences derived from the neighbour-joining method. Between Mrakia frigida and Mrakiella cryoconiti as well as Mrakiella aquatica, the pair-wise sequence similarities were 98.6% and 97.4% (1.2% width) respectively. However, the similarities between Mrakia frigida and the remaining four Mrakia species were extremely high (99.4 - 100% with 0.6% width). On the other hand, the similarity was relatively low (98.2%) between Mrakiella cryoconiti and Mrakiella aquatica, showing the wide range or the diversity of the anamorphic genus phylogenetically. The teleomorphic genus Thomashallia was newly introduced based on the formation of basidia and basidiospores with the type species, Thomashallia stelviica. The genus Krasilnikovozyma contained four species with the type species, Krasilnikovozyma curviuscula. Thus, the three teleomorphic genera were respectively taxonomic homogeneous-natured, and the two of the three were surely characteristic of Q-8.   

Keywords: Mrakia frigida; Mrakiella cryoconiti; Thomashallia gen. nov.; Thomashallia stelviica comb. nov.; Thomashallia montana comb. nov.

Title: The generic circumscription of Mrakia and Mrakiella: The proposal of Thomashallia gen. nov.

Author: Taweesak Malimas, Huong Thi Lan Vu, Pattaraporn Yukphan, Somboon Tanasupawat, Yuzo Yamada

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 33-41

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 10-October-2023

Abstract: Heavy metal concentrations in soil, water, and air are increasing as a result of anthropogenic activities such as industrial processes, mining, and agriculture. Heavy metals are difficult to eradicate because of their environmental stability, and they can even pose a human health concern by entering the food chain via crop plant uptake. Cobalt (II) chloride is an inorganic compound containing cobalt and chlorine with the formula CoCl₂. The study used Vigna unguiculata, popularly known as cowpea and black-eyed pea. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was employed in this study to assess cobalt tolerance and toxic limits in one cultivar of V. unguiculata. The effect of cobalt chloride on V. unguiculata was assessed by analyzing germination and growth characteristics.

Keywords: Heavy metals, Cobalt chloride, Toxicity, Vigna unguiculata, growth parameters.

Title: Assessment of CoCl₂ Tolerance and Toxic Levels in Vigna Unguiculata

Author: Pooja Juyal, Ruchi Pandey, Shalini Singh, Shivani Jaiswal

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 26-32

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 05-October-2023

Abstract: Sawdust is an industrial waste by-product obtained in the process of smoothing wooden planks. It is readily available and at low prices. Alpha cellulose was extracted from saw dust powder using a standard extraction method. Thereafter the alpha cellulose was subjected to the process of ethylation using diethyl sulphate at 80^oC for 24 hrs. The derived ethylcellulose was evaluated for its physicochemical properties such as particle size, bulk density, flow rate, Carr`s index, etc. Results indicate that particle size, flow rate, etc. were adequate for its use as a pharmaceutical excipient. These physicochemical characteristics were found to be comparable to that of a commercial excipient, Ethocel^®. This study has established the possibility of obtaining ethylcellulose, a pharmaceutical excipient from sawdust, an industrial waste product.

Keywords: Cellulose, Ethylcellulose, flow properties.

Title: COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATIONS ON LOCALLY PROCESSED ETHYL CELLULOSE AND ETHOCEL^®

Author: Oyeniyi, Y. J., Oyeniyi F.O.

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 21-25

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 02-October-2023

Abstract: A good quality soil is characterized by adequate nutrients as a result of abundant nutrients cycling bacteria. Most soil in Nigeria has been subjected to different kinds of pollutants resulting from anthropogenic activities which have become a major threatening factor to the quality of soil. This study was undertaken to determine the bacterial density in cassava effluent contaminated soil at Umuaku, Uli community, Anambra State. A total of 30 composite soil samples were aseptically collected from cassava effluent disposal site using a sterile soil auger. The samples were analyzed for total heterotrophic bacterial count (THBC) and nitrifying bacterial count (NBC) using standard plate technique. The predominant bacterial isolates that aided nutrients cycling were appropriately characterized, and their diversities in both impacted and non-impacted soil samples were enumerated. Also, the bacterial isolates were characterized based on morphology, microscopy, and biochemical characteristics. There was a significant reduction in the THBC and NBC in the impacted soil, and Gram negative rods such as Enterobacter, Burkholderia, and Bacillus species (Gram positive) were mostly isolated. The study has revealed that cassava effluent affects microbial distribution in the soil.

Keywords: Bacteria, Waste, Cassava Effluent.

Title: BACTERIAL DENSITY IN CASSAVA EFFLUENT-CONTAMINATED SOIL AT UMUAKU, ULI COMMUNITY, ANAMBRA STATE

Author: NWAKOBY, N.E, EJIMOFOR, C.F

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 15-20

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 15-September-2023

Abstract: The Genus Cassia, also known as Senna, is a large group of leguminous plants belonging to the family of Fabacea. They have a wide range of ethnobotanical uses, including medicinal, ornamental, and industrial applications. In traditional medicine, the Genus has been used in the treatment of various diseases all over the world. Various pytochemicals with diverse bioactivities have been isolated from the Cassia species. However, this has not been done exhaustively in all the species. This review relates the ethnobotanical uses of various Cassia species and emphasizes the importance of doing scientific research on these secondary metabolites for the benefit of the general public.

Keywords: ailments, allopathic medicine, Cassia, ethnopharmacology, folklore, Senna.

Title: ETHNOBOTANY OF SOME MEMBERS OF THE GENUS CASSIA (SENNA)

Author: Salome Osunga, Omari Amuka, Alex K. Machocho, Albert Getabu

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 1-14

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 12-September-2023