Abstract: Preeclampsia is a frequent complication in obstetrics cases. The real problem today is the adverse effects of preeclampsia on the mother and fetus, while the pathophysiology useful for the prevention process is still unclear. Chronic hypoxia results in stress on placental cells, thus inhibiting the formation of proteins, hormones, enzymes produced by the placenta such as Placenta Growth Factor (PlGF) and others. These formation barriers include nutrient transporter proteins or transporters. Hypoxia is generally not conducive to human body cells including the placenta. Hypoxia in cells results in reduced transfer of nutrients due to the decrease in transfers due to a decrease in the number of transporter.  Similarly occurs in the process of glucose transfer facilitated by glucose transporter, although from previous studies there is a difference in the influence between acute and chronic hypoxia. While research based on clinical observations showed a decrease in glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in the basal membrane when exposed to long-term hypoxia. Hypoxia is generally not conducive to human body cells including the placenta. Some studies have found that PlGF levels in the serum of mothers with preeclampsia are lower than normal pregnancies. Hypoxia in cells results in reduced transfer of nutrients due to the decrease in transfers due to a decrease in the number of transporters. Disruption of nutrient transfer in preeclampsia is also thought to be influenced by the involvement of the gene of glucose transporters due to the influenced of hypoxia, thus increasing the incidence of small for gestational age (SGA).

Keywords: Preeclampsia, Hypoxia, PlGF, Glucose transporter, SGA.

Title: Disorders of placental glucose transporter in pregnancy with preeclampsia: Review

Author: Dhara Alifa

ISSN 2394-966X

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

Novelty Journals

Abstract: In Ethiopia, the production of highland hybrid maize is at its infant stage. The yields of this crop in the highland area are low, due to the use of open pollinated varieties (OPVs), shortage of high yielding hybrid varieties, biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, the present study was designed to identify superior single crosses based on their yield and agronomic performance. Fifth seven hybrids and three checks were evaluated using a 6 x 10 alpha lattice design replicated twice at Kulumsa ARC farm during 2019/-20 main season. Analysis of variance revealed that test crosses mean squares were highly significant (P < 0.001) for days to 50% anthesis and silking, plant height, plant aspect, ear aspect, ear per plant, days to maturity and grain yield. Similarly, mean squares of crosses were significant (p ≤ 0.05) for number of plants, ear height and anthesis-silking interval. Based on the mean grain yield performance, five promising single crosses, CEL08008/CEL10023, CEL08008/CEL10014, CEL13002/CEL10023, CEL08050/CEL10014 CEL08008/CEL10012 having grain yield of 7.9,7.8,7.8,7.8,7.7 ton ha-1, respectively were identified as possible candidates for release after establishing the stability of their performance in multi-locational trials or that may be exploited in future breeding programs for developing three way hybrids accompanied with other desirable attributes.

Keywords: Grain yield, hybrids, maize, single crosses.

Title: Evaluation of Single Cross White Highland Maize Hybrids for Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits at Kulumsa, Southwestern Ethiopia

Author: Abiy Balcha Gebre

ISSN 2394-966X

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

Novelty Journals

Abstract: Marine metagenomics is the study of the genomes of these microorganisms, as sampled directly from the aquatic environment. The great biodiversity of marine natural products offers exciting prospects for drug development, a critical domain of marine biotechnology. In this review, we will highlight how high-throughput techniques such as metagenomics and metabolomics are extremely useful for exploring novel biocatalysts much faster than conventional approaches. Understanding the ecological and biological factors that influence the production of a specific metabolite may be extremely useful for boosting compound yields, optimizing compound extraction, and selecting bioactive compounds. Metabolomics techniques enable the analysis of vast numbers of metabolites, including those generated in trace amounts. Whether the emphasis of microbiome research is biological or environmental, it is obvious that the various Omics approaches provide crucial data. Though each approach provides significant information on its own, we demonstrate that when they are integrated, they generate a full picture. We believe that network-based approaches can allow extensive in-depth analyses of microbiomes, especially when applied with integrated work, and thus offer valuable insight into the microbial ecosystem.

Keywords: microbiome, marine metagenomics, metabolomics, bioactive compounds, Omics, novel biocatalysts.

Title: Metagenomic and Metabolomic Technologies: Species Identification & Discovery of Novel Biocatalysts from Marine Organisms

Author: SAMAH SULAIMAN, BAESHEN, M. N., HAYAM S. ABDELKADER

ISSN 2394-966X

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

Novelty Journals

Abstract: The objectives of the present study were to determine heterotic groups of germplasm of the inbred lines and to identify promising hybrid crosses.  Twenty-one S₅ lines testcrossed with FS59 and FS57 in Line × Tester design for heterotic grouping. The experiment was planted in an alpha lattice design (22x2) arrangement with two replications of one row plot in 2019/20 rainy season at Kulumsa. All the 21 lines were derived from Ambo Highland Maize Breeding Program. The basis of grouping the germplasm into different heterotic groups was specific combining ability (SCA) effects for grain yield. From twenty-one inbred lines, eight inbred lines viz. L1, L2, L4, L11, L12, L14, L15 and L21 were showing positive SCA effect with FS59, exhibiting negative SCA effect with FS67 and grain yield greater than the mean grain yield when crossed to FS59 and were classified as group “B”. On the other hand, eight inbred lines viz. L3, L5, L6, L8, L9, L10, L17 and L18 showed positive SCA effect with FS67, exhibiting negative SCA effect with FS59 and grain yield greater than the mean grain yield when crossed to FS67 and were classified as group “A”.  The general, specific combining abilities and heterotic groups showed that these genotypes had a potential hybrid for advanced yield testing and subsequent release in the specific locations.

Keywords: Grain Yield, Heterotic Grouping, SCA.

Title: Heterotic Grouping of Selected inbred lines of Maize (Zea mays L.) Using two Testers

Author: Abiy Balcha Gebre

ISSN 2394-966X

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

Novelty Journals