Abstract: Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are a group of movement disorders that are common with conventional antipsychotics. They include dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia. First generation antipsychotics drugs are associated with extrapyramidal symptoms in 61.6% of institutionalized patients with Schizophrenia. Extrapyramidal symptoms lead to poor medication adherence, relapse and hospitalization, stigma, distress and impaired quality of life. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of EPS among patients taking antipsychotics at Mathari National Teaching and Referral Hospital in Nairobi county, Kenya. In this hospital 80% of antipsychotic drugs used are first generation while only 20% are second generation. A cross-sectional review of medical files for patients on antipsychotics was done at Mathari National Teaching and Referral hospital. Patients diagnosed with Extrapyramidal symptoms and were on treatment with antipsychotics were selected from the Psychiatric outpatient department clinic. Systemic random sampling was also used to select 80 medical records for review. Data was collected using data abstraction forms. The data collected was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 28. Categorical variables were summarized and presented using frequency tables, pie charts and bar charts while continuous variables mean, standard deviation and histograms were used. Majority of the patients were male 61.3% with females accounting for 38.8%. The study findings also indicated that 20% were married and 57% single while the rest 23% are divorced, separated or widowed. The most common extrapyramidal symptom was akathisia 30% while the least prevalent was tardive dyskinesia. Most of the patients smoked tobacco (67.5%), and non-smokers accounted for 32.5%. The highest level of education among the respondents was secondary education at 52.5% while 23.8% had attained college education and 8.8% university education. The most prescribed antipsychotic were first generation antipsychotics 80% and second generation 20%. The most prevalent extrapyramidal symptom was akathisia at 30%, parkinsonism was the second most prevalent at 27.5% while acute dystonia was at 25% and tardive dyskinesia at 17.5%. The first-generation antipsychotics were the mostly prescribed antipsychotic drugs

Keywords: extrapyramidal symptoms, antipsychotic drugs, psychiatric. 

Title: PREVALENCE OF EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYMPTOMS AMONG PATIENTS ON ANTIPSYCHOTIC MEDICATIONS AT MATHARI NATIONAL TEACHING AND REFERRAL HOSPITAL NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA

Author: Musau Joseph, K, Keitany Vivian Jepkemboi

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 11, Issue 3, May 2024 - June 2024

Page No: 51-59

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 26-June-2024

Abstract: Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide imposing a substantial burden on public health system and economies. The continuous rise in the prevalence of heart diseases, coupled with the increasing health care costs associated with their management, underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic approaches. As the severity of the problem grew, more countries conducted studies on Cardiovascular drugs, and the number of studies has expanded dramatically, particularly in the last decade. As a result, it is critical to retrace relevant CVD research produced between 2002 and 2023.

Method: This research used bibliometrics to investigate CVD-related papers obtained PubMed from 2002 to 2023. This study performed a statistical analysis of the countries, institutions, journals, authors, research areas, author keywords to provide an overview of the CVDs field as well as research trends, research hotspots, and future research directions in the field.

Results: A total of 4601 articles from 1028 sources with time span of 2000-2023 was used for this assessment. A total of 23,847 authors contributed in the articles. The total keywords used by authors summed up to 12,493. China produced the most papers, but the United States had the most significant influence. The University of Oxford was the leading research institution. Bibliometric revealed that key words such as randomized controlled trials as topic, human, female, male, risk factors, prospective studies, primary and secondary prevention, treatment outcome were the most common keywords.

Conclusion: It is crucial to support the translation of research finding into clinical practice, thereby contributing to the advancement of effective and personalized cardiovascular care on a global scale.

Keywords: Cardiovascular drugs, heart diseases, Global research output, Bibliometrics, Cardiovascular health trends.

Title: Global Research output on Cardiovascular Drugs and Heart Diseases: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2000-2023

Author: Olalekan Elijah Odesanmi, Odekina Gloria Ojonugwa, Adelabi Oluwafemi Emmanuel, Jesusanmi Odunayo Deborah, Akinlua I, Ogundare M.A.B, Asaolu Modupe Fisayo

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 11, Issue 3, May 2024 - June 2024

Page No: 41-50

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 26-June-2024

Abstract: Interest on GI and GL of carbohydrate-rich foods is rapidly growing due to the role it plays in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus, a disease that is rapidly spreading worldwide. The glycemic index and load of instant fufu powder from orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) and cassava starch (CS) composite extrudate blends was investigated. The instant fufu powder was produced from OFSP and CS through extrusion cooking using conventional standard method. The glycemic index ranged from low (47.26 %) to very high (96.40 %) values with sample ABC (90:10 for OFSP and CS) being the lowest and MNO (60:40) the highest. The glycemic load of the composite blends ranged from 18.45 to 36.55 %, with sample ABC (90:10) having the lowest value which is an indication of quality product from the blends of OFSP flour and CS starch. Nonetheless, all the composite blends had relatively low glycemic index and load except sample blends MNO (60:40) and YZ (100:0). These showed that the instant fufu blends GI and GL increased with increase in CS and decrease with increased OFSP. This implies that the fufu from OFSP could be said to be safe for the consumption of people with metabolic disorder such as diabetes mellitus. The results clearly showed that sample blend 90:10 for OFSP and CS is the best among the other samples.

Keywords: Glycemic index, Glycemic load, OFSP, Extrudate, Cassava Starch, Extrusion.

Title: GLYCEMIC INDEX AND LOAD OF INSTANT FUFU POWDER BLENDS FROM ORANGE-FLESHED SWEET POTATO AND CASSAVA STARCH EXTRUDATES

Author: Eunice Ngozi Odoh, Kolawole Oladimeji Olubusayo, Okpagu Blessing Chidinma, Ameh Emmanuel Ameh, UzohAdaeze Maureen, Umoren Charles Ndifreke

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 11, Issue 3, May 2024 - June 2024

Page No: 32-40

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 14-June-2024

Abstract: The production of ethanol through fermentation of lignocellulosic materials by fungi offers a promising renewable alternative to fossil fuels. However, the breakdown process of raw materials during fermentation can lead to the formation of furan compounds, such as furfural, which can have detrimental effects on the process. In this study, we conducted in vitro spectro-photometric assays to investigate the formation of furfural during fungal metabolism. Our kinetic analysis revealed that furfural is indeed produced as a byproduct of fungal metabolism. Motivated by these findings, our study aimed to address the following objectives: (1) Characterize furfural production from cellulosic waste materials, and (2) Determine the optimal pH, duration, and sample type for furfural accumulation. Through our research, we aim to contribute to a better understanding of the factors influencing furfural formation during lignocellulosic fermentation, thereby facilitating the development of more efficient and sustainable biofuel production processes.

Keywords: Furfural, Fermentation, Cellulosic Garbage, Fungi.

Title: The Effect of Cartoon Residue to Stimulate Wheat Growth

Author: Ahmed Abdel Reda Madloom, Feryal jameel chyad, Doaa Hadi abid muslim, Ruqaya Haider Abdel Amir, Bahjat S. Hameed, Ahmed A. A. Madhloom, Zainab K.Alfayyadh

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 11, Issue 3, May 2024 - June 2024

Page No: 24-31

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 04-June-2024

Abstract: Background: One of the most common causes of serious chronic bacterial infections is Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Objectives: This systematic review aims to comprehensively assess the association between H. pylori infection, food quality, and peptic ulcer disease. Methods: The systematic review helps to discuss and summarize several types of research that have looked at the H Pylori Infection, Food Quality, and Peptic Ulcer. The data search was done using the Web of six electronic databases there are ScienceDirect, EBSCO, PUBMED, BIOMED CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Google Scholar and only the English language was used. Results: A total of 16 studies were identified in the study. After identifying 16 articles with titles that matched the search query, they were evaluated for relevancy, quality, and risk of bias. The study's results were presented as four themes. six studies examined the Prevalence of H. pylori infection among participants. Five studies examined the Interaction between H. pylori infection and dietary factors in nursing policy three studies examined the analysis of dietary factors associated with peptic ulcer development and two studies examined the association between food quality indicators and peptic ulcer development in nursing administration.  Conclusion: Peptic ulcer disease can arise after an infection with Helicobacter pylori. Damage to the mucosa and the formation of ulcers result from its colonization of the stomach mucosa, which disrupts the equilibrium between the secretion of gastric acid and the mucosal defense mechanisms.

Keywords: dietary habits, Helicobacter pylori, Saudi Arabia, risk factors.

Title: Relationship between H Pylori Infection, Food Quality and Peptic Ulcer: A systematic Review

Author: Hala Salamah Shwaish Al-Anzi

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 11, Issue 3, May 2024 - June 2024

Page No: 12-23

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 23-May-2024

Abstract: Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer identifiable health benefits to the host when introduced or when they multiply in the body in sufficient amounts. Lactobacilli species are the commonest microorganisms used as probiotics but their efficacy is highly unpredictable. However, existing data indicate that carrier-food enhance the benefit of probiotics. The current in vitro study investigated possible effect of dietary nutrients on the growth characteristics of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM strain and how such nutrients influence antimicrobial activities against enteric pathogens. This study examined the effects of selected sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, lactose, and galactose) as well as honey and defined minerals (Mega Plus®capsule) on growth based on net changes in optical density, OD. The study also investigated the antimicrobial activities of cell-free supernatant (CFS) recovered from this probiotic against selected pathogenic species– Escherichia coli ATCC 35401, Salmonella typhi ATCC 700931, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433. The findings, which were derived through regression, indicated that the growth of L. acidophius was affected by the following linear regression coefficients (Δgrowth / Δsugar concentration): -honey (1.1613), glucose (0.48937), fructose (0.38247), sucrose (0.29346), lactose (0.23102), and galactose (0.18771). Related effect with inverse linear regression coefficients (i.e., pathogen growth reduction) were generated from the antimicrobial potential of CFS extracted against the selected pathogens. Sugar concentration was directly proportional to the overall optical density (OD) of L. acidophilus. The addition of minerals enhanced growth by approximately 2.8-fold and antimicrobial effects of CFS by approximately 2.6-fold.

Keywords: Regression coefficient, Bacteriocins, stimulatory effect, mineral supplementation, cell-free-supernatant (CFS), Optical density (OD).

Title: Stimulatory effects of simple sugars, honey, and selected defined minerals on growth vigor and production of inhibitory effects against selected Pathogens by a probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain: An in vitro Study

Author: Vitalis B. Namiti, Andrew K. Nyerere, John N. Kiiru

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                   

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 11, Issue 3, May 2024 - June 2024

Page No: 1-11

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 03-May-2024