Abstract: Striga hermonthica is the most widespread species affecting maize production and productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. Use of imidazolinone (imazapyr)-resistant (IR) maize genotypes is one of the few control options, which seem to be technically feasible and cost effective. A study was carried out to assess yield and agronomic performance of 21 herbicide-resistant maize hybrids introduced from CIMMYT for Striga control at Pawe, Ethiopia. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic difference for grain yield, days to anthesis, root lodging and ear aspect. Hybrids G8 and G7 were identified as promising varieties based on grain yield, ear aspect, and Striga emergence counts. The highest yielding IR maize hybrid (G8) outyielded the Striga-tolerant, commercial IR hybrid and local check by 89.4, 107.3 and 89%, respectively. The best IR hybrid in terms of grain yield (G8) had 81 and 64% less emerged Striga plants at compared with the Striga-tolerant check (G22) and local check (G25), respectively. Genotypic variance (s²G) estimates were larger than environment variance (s² E) for grain yield, days to anthesis, root lodging and ear aspect. Very high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for grain yield indicates the dominance of additive gene action in governing the trait which is fixable in subsequent generations. Grain yield showed significant and negative correlations with days to anthesis (rp = −0.69), root lodging (rp = −0.56), ear aspect (rp = −0.83) and plant aspect (rp=-0.79). A negative but not significant correlation coefficient between grain yield and Striga count was observed.

Keywords: Grain yield, Herbicide-resistant, Heritability, Imidazolinone-resistant, Maize, Striga hermonthica.

Title: Performance Evaluation of Herbicide-Resistant Maize Hybrids under Striga Infestation

Author: Nigus Belay

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 9, Issue 3, May 2022 - June 2022

Page No: 27-34

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published date: 08-June-2022

Abstract: Abundance of soil with saline sodic property in Amibara irrigated farms is becoming a threat to crop productivity. As part of the solution to such problem soils, combine application of gypsum and farmyard manure has not been investigated well in the area.  Therefore study was conducted at Worer Agricultural Research Center using rice as a test crop to evaluate Effect of GYP and FYM on nitrogen use efficiency of rice. Factorial combinations with three rates of FYM (0, 10 and 20 t ha-1) and five rates of gypsum (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% GR) were laid out in randomized complete complete block design with three replications. Composite surface soil samples before experiment and from each treatment after harvest were collected for laboratory analysis. Concerning nutrient use efficiency indices agronomic efficiency, agro physiological efficiency and apparent recovery efficiency, physiological efficiency and Nitrogen Harvest index of nitrogen were significantly(P<0.05) affected by the interaction Effect of gypsum and farmyard manure. From the results it could be concluded that the combined use of GYP and FYM can ameliorate the adverse impact of ESP and exchangeable sodium in saline sodic soil and application of 20 t ha-1 FYM+ 75 % GR enhance grain yield and nutrient use efficiency of upland rice grown on saline sodic soil of Amibara district.

Key words: Farmyard manure, Gypsum, Nitrogen, Nutrient Use Efficiency, Salt-Affected Soil.

Title: Effect of Application of Gypsum and Farmyard Manure on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Saline sodic soil at Amibara, Ethiopia

Author: Teshome Bekele

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 9, Issue 3, May 2022 - June 2022

Page No: 18-26

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 07-June-2022

Abstract: The thiazolidin-4-one core is unusually most valuable and has foreground in various clinically used medications. Most of the researchers are synthesized Thiazolidin-4-ones by using lot of conventional synthetic methods. These methods are more time consuming as well as worthful for the synthesis of compounds. Objective: Synthesis of novel substituted Thiazolidin-4-one analogues, Characterization of substituted thiazolidin-4-one analogues with chemico-spectral analysis by FT-IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Method: DCC method (dicyclohexyl carbodimide). Result: Synthesized of novel substituted Thiazolidin-4-one analogues and characterized the substituted thiazolidin-4-one analogues by FT-IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Conclusion: We synthesized novel thiazolidin-4-one by using conventional method like DCC method. Then the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT- IR, MASS, 1H NMR and ¹³C NMR. All the data of substituted Thiazolidin-4-one analogues were interpreted and tabulated.

Keywords: Thiazolidin-4-one; Dicyclohexyl Carbodimide; Mass spectroscopy; NMR spectroscopy; Furan; Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy.

Title: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACRTERIZATION OF 4 THIAZOLIDINEONE DERIVATIVES

Author: Pandurangan Perumal^*, Murugesan V, Sai Ramya B, Divya reddy D, Gayathri P, Charan kumar V

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 9, Issue 3, May 2022 - June 2022

Page No: 10-17

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published date: 04-May-2022

Abstract: Bread wheat is the most important cereal food grain crops in the world which can be grown under diverse agro ecology. However, its productivity has been limited due to various abiotic and biotic factors including weeds. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of post emergence broad leaf herbicides application on weed management and productivity of wheat.  Four types of herbicides 2,4-D1lt ha^-1,Pyroxulam 0.5lt ha^-1, Florasulam 100ml ha^-1 and Florasulam + Amirpyrolid 33gm ha^-1along with weedy check that were laid out in Randomized Completely Block Design with three replications. A total of identified 12 weed species were recorded 86 % broad and 14 % grass weeds. Relative weed density also indicated that the field was highly infested by Galinsoga pulviflora Cav. but the lowest infestation of Guizotia scabra(Vis) Chiov was recorded in the field. Results also revealed that significant effects of post emergence herbicides application on some traits studied   but there is no significant difference among tested herbicides on plant height, stand count, spike length, number of seeds per spike and thousand grain weights except for weedy checks. The minimum dry biomass weeds (111.00 kg ha^-1) and the highest weed control efficiency (79.63%) were recorded from the Pyroxulam. The highest number of productive tillers(131.66m^-2),stand count(413.00m^-2),seeds per spike(71.58), thousand grain weight (42.00g),grain yield (3928.25 kgha^-1) and biological yield (8693.3kg ha^-1) were recorded from Florasulam + Aminopyrolid while the lowest values were observed from the weedy check. Therefore, it can be concluded that Florasulam + Aminopyrolid effectively managed weeds and gave maximum yield which could be recommended for the test environment. Since the experiment was conducted in one location and for single season, it should be repeated over seasons or multi locations for best recommendation.

Keywords: application, effect, herbicides, maximum, weedy check.     

Title: Determination of Efficacy of Broad Leaf Herbicides on Various Weed Floras in Wheat Field under Rain Fed Production System

Author: Bogale Ayana

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

ISSN 2394-966X

Vol. 9, Issue 3, May 2022 - June 2022

Page No: 1-9

Novelty Journals (Publisher)

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published date: 02-May-2022