Abstract: Tef may be a resilient crop that performs higher than different cereals underneath native conditions together with drought, water-logging, and poor soil. Genotype versus straw quantity and quality continuous efforts has been created to develop improved styles of tef for grain production. However, the breeding programs primarily geared toward improvement of grain yield with very little thought for yield and quality of the straw. Tef injera is that the commonest and therefore the main staple food in abundant of the central, western and northern highlands ofEthiopia furthermore as among the urban community. Tef may be a terribly nutritive cereal grain with glorious supermolecule, supermolecule and mineral contents. The organic process content of the grain is usually equivalent to that of the key world cereals like wheat, barley, rice, maize and sorghum. In fact, it's superior in several aspects significantly in minerals like iron, calcium, Mg and Zn. Starch accounts for regarding seventy-three of the tef grain; thence, it plays a dominant role in influencing the top properties of varied tef grain product. The average protein content in the tef grain is about 11% which is higher than in maize but comparable to that of wheat.  The crude fat in tef grain is equivalent to that of wheat and is less than in maize, sorghum and millets. Each the grain and soured product from tef are recognized to possess high mineral contents compared to the grains of different cereals as a result of tef is consumed as whole grain and sometimes soured as injera. Health good thing about tef injera consumption is advantageous for Anemia, Diabetes, Celiac and Osteoporosis Disease. Farmers are mistreatment tef straw as feed since the beginning of tef cropping with all the restrictions related to its use. Tef breeding up to now has targeted totally on breeding and on up science practices. Applied breeding work to boost tef enclosed direct choice from the landraces, inter-specific and intra-specific cross and mutation breeding, whereas at the fundamental analysis level investigations were created within the space of biotechnology. This paper reviews quality traits and measurement, and possible breeding method to improve the quality traits of tef.

Keywords: quality, injera, breeding, tef.

Title: Quality traits; measurement and possible breeding method to improve the quality traits of tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

Author: Worku Kebede

ISSN 2394-966X

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

Novelty Journals

Abstract: Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)Trotter] productivity in Ethiopia is relatively low as compared to other cereals.  Its production is constrained, mainly by drought and climate variability, coupled with lack of appropriate sowing time. Therefore, the study was conducted to elucidate, pinpoint and recommend the response of ten selected recombinant inbred lines and two early maturing standard check tef varieties during 2017/18 and 2018/19 main season at Alem Tena and Melkassa Research center that represented the drought prone area in the central rift valley of Ethiopia.  The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replication.  The treatments consisted of three sowing date (June 30, 10 July and 20 July) as main factors and 10 genotype as sub factors and two standard checks have included. The result reveled early sowing on June 30 mean grain yield was 2.317 t ha -1, the normal sowing date July10 the mean grain yield were 2.319 t ha -1 and the late sowing date 20 July was 2.71 t ha -1. The combined analysis of the two years variance over locations revealed highly significant variation (P≤0.01) among both sowing times, and tef genotypes for the 5 traits evaluated. The seasonal rainfall distribution was with about 73% of the annual rainfall received in the five months of June to October 2017/18-2019, thus, even the latest third planting date of 20 July 2019 was successful, showing high grain yield record than the other sowing dates. Consequently, the dates that ranged July 10 to July 20 are recommendable as appropriate time of sowing.

Keywords: genotype, grain yield, rainfall, sowing dates, traits.

Title: Effect of Sowing Date on the Performance of Drought Tolerant Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)Trotter) Genotype in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Author: Mengistu Demissie, Kebebew Assefa

ISSN 2394-966X

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

Novelty Journals

Abstract: The experiment was conducted from 2015/16 to 2018/19cropping season at Kofele and Bekoji. The experiment was laid using RCBD with three replications. The ANOVA showed significant difference among genotypes and high genotype x environment interaction for most traits. The mean separation test showed that genotype MN BRITE named Iftu after official release provide the maximum grain yield as compared to the two standard checks (Bekoji-I and Bahati) and other candidate genotypes. Besides, this genotype has an extract and protein content within the range of the malt factories’ requirements. Therefore, this genotype was verified and officially released in the 2019/20 cropping season for wider production in Arsi, West Arsi, Central Showa and similar agro ecologies of Ethiopia.

Keywords: Analysis of variance, Barley, GGEbiplot, Malt barley, Malt quality and Stability analysis.

Title: Stability analysis of malt barley varieties in the highlands of Arsi and West Arsi Zones of Ethiopia

Author: Adane Choferie, Shimeles Gezahegn, Workeneh Mekasa, Amberber Haile, Tesfahun Alemu

ISSN 2394-966X

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

Novelty Journals

Abstract: Low-N stress is among the major abiotic stresses causing yield reductions in maize grown in the mid-altitude tropical environments of Africa. Therefore, development of maize varieties for low nitrogen might be one of the option to overcome the problem. The objectives of this study was, therefore, to estimate combining ability of maize inbred lines for yield and yield related traits under low N stress condition. Twenty six inbred lines (two testers and twenty four lines) were crossed using line × tester mating design and generated 48 F₁ hybrids and along with two hybrids used as checks (AMH853 and AMH 851), were evaluated using alpha lattice design with two replications for grain yield and yield related traits during 2017 cropping seasons. Analyses of variances showed significant mean squares due to crosses for all traits except for ear per plant. Among the crosses, L5xT2 (4.61tha^-1), L6xT2 (4.37tha^-1), L14XT2 (4.31tha^-1) and L23XT2 (4.14 tha^-1) better performed .The mean squares for general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were significant for most of the traits except SCA mean squares which is significant only for days to anthesis, days silking, anthesis silking interval, days to maturity and leaf senescence. Inbred lines L5 and L14 were good general combiners and hence were promising parents for hybrid varieties development. The study indicated the importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects in most cases, while non-additive gene effects are less important under low-N stress.

Keywords: Combining ability, GCA, Inbred line, low nitrogen, SCA and Yield.

Title: Combining Ability of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines under Low- Nitrogen Stress Condition

Author: Shimelis Tesfaye, Berhanu Sime

ISSN 2394-966X

International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences                                                    

Novelty Journals