Abstract: This study determines the factors influencing accountability on public revenue and expenditure in local government councils of Yobe state. The Population of this study is the entire 420 staff of agriculture and treasury departments of Bursari Local Government Area, out of which a sample of 201 were drawn using Krecja and Morgan table for sample determining. The study used both primary and secondary data. The analysis is through descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The descriptive analysis involved the use of simple percentages, tabulation and counts, while inferential statistical method employed, chi-square analytical instrument. The findings also established that capital expenditure on agriculture and natural resources, roads, rural electrification, market expansion, primary health care, education, water supply, social development and staff housing should be enhanced because they contribute significantly to internally generated revenue (IGR) of the local government. Thus, Local government authorities should incorporate community to participate in deciding which project to be executed. Individuals and businesses in the local government should have access to information on IGR of the local government realized over a period of time. This will motivate them to pay revenue to the local government. This will enhance commercial activities, internally generated revenue and expenditure control in the local governments, thereby reducing their over dependency on statutory allocation. The study also recommends for the need of full disclosure of the monthly and quarterly performance reporting on IGR and budget implementation in the local government. This will enhance accountability and transparency on expenditure management and IGR in the local government.

Keywords: Accountability, Management, Public Revenue, Public Expenditure, Local Government Area, Internally Generated Revenue.

Title: DETERMINATION OF FACTORS INFLUENCING ACCOUNTABILITY ON PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCILS OF YOBE STATE, NIGERIA

Author: Sadiq Maimodu, Abba Muktar, Ali Kole, Alhassan Sultan

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 89-101

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 22-October-2023

Abstract: Science had numerous applications in the Zambian industries and the world at large and contributes greatly to the economic growth of any country. However, learner’s performance in science has been poor at all levels as per report from the Examination Council of Zambia, several factors have adduced to be responsible for this trend. These include the quality and effectiveness of instructional delivery and strategic used in teaching the subject. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to assess the effects of reflective teaching Methods learners’ academic performance in science in selected junior secondary schools in Lusaka district, Zambia. The study adopted a mixed methods approach which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 360 participants which comprised of 300 social studies learners and 60 teachers of social studies from 10 junior secondary schools in Lusaka district in Zambia. The respondents were obtained through purposive and simple random sampling. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data and quantitative data using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 26) and Microsoft Excel (version 16). The study revealed that using Reflective Teaching Method had a positive effect on learners’ academic performance in social studies. It had also been revealed that pedagogical methods used in Reflective Teaching Method included; learner centred method, teacher exposition method, co-inquiry methodology, discussion method, experimental methodology, research-based methodology, co-operative/collaborative learning, and problem-based learning. Results also showed that skills imparted in the learners through Reflective Teaching Method included; innovative skills, hands on learning/practical skills, research skills, communication skills, co-existence skills, time management skills, problem solving skills, critical thinking skills, and creativity skills. Moreover, in order to promote Reflective Teaching Methods in social studies, the study recommended that the Ministry of Education should enhance capacity building for concerned teachers through seminars, workshops and sending them out for further studies.

Keywords: Academic Performance, Learners, Reflective Teaching Methods, Social Studies and Teaching.

Title: Reflective Teaching Methods on Learners’ Academic Performance in Social Studies: A Case of Selected Junior Secondary Schools in Lusaka District, Zambia

Author: Chanda Chansa Thelma, Aaron Chimbelya Siyunda

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 78-88

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 07-October-2023

Abstract: The paper examined impact of Customs cross-border process (measured by Logistic Performance Index (LPI) and Ease of Doing Business (EDB)) on the fight against terrorism in selected West African Countries of Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and Benin. The study adopted panel OLS method with a linear gravity framework for secondary data (2017-2022) revealed number of findings. Firstly, both the LPI and the EDB have a positive and negative impact on terrorism indices along the Nigeria-Benin border, respectively. Second, within the Nigeria and Niger borders, the LPI reduces terrorism indices, whereas the EDB increases terrorism. Third, a percentage shift in the LPI and the EDB results in 11.3 percent and 15.5 percent decrease in terrorism along Nigeria's and Chad's borders, respectively. The study concludes that cross-border Customs process between Nigeria and Benin, Nigeria and Chad, and Nigeria and Niger produced varying results. Hence, the study suggests that EDB along Nigeria-Niger borders be enhanced. Also, that LPI should be improved along the Nigeria-Benin border.

Keywords: Customs, Border Management, West Africa, EDB, LPI, Terrorism.

Title: Does Customs Border Management Role Stimulate Terrorism Incidence in Nigeria and the Neighbouring Countries?

Author: Sanusi Tasiu Saulawa, Kalu Ijeoma Emele, Udeorah Sylvester F.

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 63-77

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 05-October-2023

Abstract: Introduction: The growing generation of electrical and electronic waste poses a global threat to public health and the environment. These wastes, comprising 4.5-6% of total waste, contain toxic and hazardous substances of health and safety concerns in the African region including Ghana.

Aim: To evaluate and identify the health and safety and environment impacts on the e-waste dealers during recycling, collection, and dismantling of e-waste devices at two selected sites in Ghana.

Method: E-waste dealers in Ashaiman and Agblogbloshie sites burn electrical and electronic appliances, exposing people to toxic chemicals and causing environmental pollution. Sampling and sample size estimation were used to select a representative sample of workers to provide situation dada using structured questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions to collect operational data. SPSS is used to analyze the collected data.

Results: Most of the e-waste dealers are unaware of the health and health risks associated with burning circuit boards and batteries. These activities many cause skin burns, lung infections, and eye itching among workers exposed.  

Conclusion: There is significant progress in the Health and Safety assessment and risk mitigation infrastructure in Ghana but more effort is needed to ensure that the environment and e-waste workers are adequately protected from the risks associated with e-waste waste management practices in Ghana.

Keywords: E-waste, risk, regulatory control, education and training.

Title: Review of Environmental Impact Assessment of E-Waste Activities in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area of Ghana

Author: Louis Dogbatsey, Peter Billson Obour, Alex Owusu Barima, Cyril Schandorf

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 56-62

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 23-September-2023

Abstract: Based on T.S. Eliot’s verse drama Murder in the Cathedral, this work aims at demonstrating whether intent means action. In fact, the answer to the question, “did king Henry II really want Thomas Becket dead?” has been the subject of diverse interpretations. Some advance that Becket was his own cause of death regarding his spiritual pride or desire of martyrdom for false reasons. Others support that the king’s four knights were to blame no direct and clear order was given to them by the sovereign to slay the man of God, to mention only these ones. But, in the light of the different interpretations of the king Henry's exclamation, “Will no one rid me of this turbulent prelate?”, we strongly believe that the sovereign not only intended to have the Canterbury archbishop murdered, but paved the way for the occurrence of that awful assassination of Becket as the result of their on-going conflicts about the Constitutions of Clarendon (16 articles issues in January 1164 by king Henry II defining Church-State relations in England.) and the coronation of prince Henry as the successor to the English throne. To do this, recourse to Biographical criticism is needed, especially in the common interest it shares with New Historicism in the fact that all literary works are situated in specific historical and biographical contexts from which they are generated.

Keywords: intent, action, murder, Becket, king Henry II.

Title: Intent and Action in T.S. Eliot’s Murder in the Cathedral

Author: Rock Gallacher NGOUAMI, Armel MBON, Didier Arcade Ange LOUMBOUZI

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 50-55

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 21-September-2023

Abstract: Social issues, also called social problem, a state of affairs that negatively affects the personal or social lives of individuals or the well-being of communities or larger groups within a society and about which there is usually public disagreement as to its nature, causes, or solution. Social challenges are common problems in present-day society and one that many people strive to solve. Social challenges are those conditions or behaviors that have negative consequences at the personal and work level. In addition, social challenges are issues and problems facing human beings today. Hence, the study aimed at examining the effects of social challenges on learners’ academic performance in some selected primary schools of Lusaka district, Zambia. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: (a) To identify the common types of social challenges exhibited by learners in selected primary schools of Lusaka district, (b) To examine the effects of social challenges on learners’ academic performance in selected primary schools of Lusaka district and (c) To offer recommendations on how best social challenges can be dealt with in selected primary schools of Lusaka district. Purposive sampling of the site was preferred to select the research area from which respondents participated in this study with a sample size of 140. The study employed both the qualitative and quantitative methods that sampled head teachers, primary teachers, pupils and community members. Interview guides were used to obtain qualitative data which was analyzed using thematic analysis while quantitative data were collected using questionnaires which were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study found out that, most exhibited social challenges in primary schools were; peer pressure, drug abuse, child abuse, economic background and media influence. The study therefore recommended that teachers should pay special attention and identify different types of social problems among their leaners. Also, the study suggested that leaners should be sensitized fully on how to protect themselves from social challenges, more specifically from issues of child abuse.

Keywords: Academic Performance, Child Abuse, Effect, Learners School and Social Challenges.

Title: Social Challenges and Learners’ Academic Performance: A Case of Selected Primary Schools in Lusaka District, Zambia

Author: Chanda Chansa Thelma

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 38-49

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 16-September-2023

Abstract: The world today exhibits the attribute of a single economic entity. In most instances, scholars refer to it as global economy. Global economy is deepened by increasing activities of producers, traders and financial markets actors beyond national boundaries. Thus, the paper investigates the effect of external resources inflow on the economic growth in Nigeria from 1986 to 2021. The Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) served as the dependent variables while foreign direct investment (FDI), foreign portfolio investment (FPI), personal remittances (PRR), official development assistance (ODA) and external debt inflow (EDI) as the explanatory variables to proxy external resources inflow in the economic model. These variables were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, unit root test, bound cointegration test as well as ARDL modelling techniques. Data for the empirical analysis were sourced from secondary sources like World Development Indicator (WDI) and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin (Various- Issues). The analyses of the data revealed that foreign direct investment enhance output while foreign portfolio investment does not. Furthermore, it was found that, Personal remittances official development assistance and External debt inflow reduces economic growth too. The paper therefore concludes that external resources inflow have not enhanced the economic growth in Nigerian significantly within the period under review. The paper does recommends that government should encourage FDI inflows by offering tax incentives, infrastructure subsidies, import duty exemptions and other measures will make FDI to boost economic growth in Nigeria. Government should make favourable trade policies and investment conditions friendlier to boost continuous inflow of foreign portfolio investment in Nigeria.

Keywords: External resources inflow, external debt inflow, investment, foreign portfolio investment, foreign direct investment and Economic growth.

Title: EXTERNAL RESOURCES INFLOWS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

Author: Garuba Paul Nurudeen, Lawrence Ohale, Simeon G. Nenbee

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 – October 2023

Page No: 22-37

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 12-September-2023

Abstract: One of the most significant endevours affected by the coronavirus pandemic is the public administration. The pandemic hit the Nigerian Public Service and its employees in an unprecedented way. The pandemic outlined in bold relief the inadequacies of public administration and effectively disrupted previous operational models (Old normal), and imbued changes such as telework and digital adoption. These changes are pervasive and has the potential to last beyond the pandemic. The Nigerian Public Service in the post Covid – 19 pandemic whether we like it or not has to re-adjust to a new normal that requires urgent reform administrative framework. Amid these circumstances it is essential to ask how has the Nigeria public service changed in the Post Covid-19 to achieve the “New Normal”. Though many scholars have conducted research on Covid -19 pandemic, there is no comprehensive research on the changes to achieve the new normal at the Public Service and public servants levels in Nigeria . The study aims to study this using the emergency-learning-institutionalization-New Normal (ELIN) Framework based on the timeline of the pandemic. Specifically, the article aims to study the overall trends on how the Nigerian Public Service and its employees are adapting to tele-work and digital tools in the new normal, what they have learnt and how they would sustain the change, and the  challenges they encountered in adopting the changes. The study analyzed  secondary data  such as published and unpublished  articles in Public Administration etc. The findings of the  work include, that there is increasing trends towards the adoption of tele-work and digital tools among the public servants in Nigeria, and that efficient and effective` implementation of tele-work policies and digital transformation plans at the management  level will ensure the sustainability in operation of the Nigerian Public Service in the new normal, that there is an overall increase in the flexibility of the Nigerian public service and the public servants in adopting digital innovation solutions to service delivery etc. In order to sustain the changes adopted in the new normal, we recommend among others that resources should be deployed at the public service organization level and employees’ level to enhance digital transformation.

Keywords: Post Covid-19, Public Service, New Normal, Tele-work.

Title: POST COVID-19 AND THE NIGERIAN PUBLIC SERVICE: CHANGES AND CHALLENGES TO ADAPT TO NEW NORMAL

Author: Rosmary Ogomegbunam Anazodo, Uche Ezenwile, Ezenwegbu Nchedochukwu Chinwendu

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 12-21

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 11-September-2023

Abstract: This paper investigates the contribution of domestic finance in reducing poverty in Nigeria from 1990 to 2021. To achieve the objectives of the study, domestic finance was broken down into: Deposit money bank lending to the private sector, public sector, microfinance bank lending to the economy, government capital expenditures, and interest rate on lending while the poverty rate was proxied by Poverty. The research design  employed in this study was an ex-post facto research design. The study employed the ARDL method of data analysis due to mixed order of stationarity of the variables. The finding shows that Deposit money banks’ lending to the private sector, exhibited negative effect on poverty but such impact was significant. At the same time microfinance bank lending to the economy indicated negative effect with poverty rate in Nigeria. Also, government capital expenditure reported positive with poverty rate in Nigeria. In addition, interest rate on lending and deposit money bank lending to the private sector that exhibited positive effect with poverty rate in Nigeria. However, in the short run, only government capital expenditure had positive effect on poverty rate. Based on these findings, the study concludes as follows: Deposit Money Bank  has insignificant effect on poverty rate in the long run. Government capital expenditure had insignificant positive impact on poverty rate in the short run. That a long run relationship exists between domestic finance and poverty rate in Nigeria. Based on these findings, the study recommends: Increase Deposit money banks’ lending to the private sector to reduce poverty in Nigeria, Increase Microfinance bank lending to the economy and Reducing interest rate all these will help to grow the economy.

Keywords: Domestic Finance, Poverty, Poverty alleviation.

Title: Does Domestic Finance Reduce Poverty in Nigeria?

Author: Amaewhule Kenneth Chinonye, Lawrence Ohale, Alwell Nteegah

International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences

ISSN 2394-9694

Vol. 10, Issue 5, September 2023 - October 2023

Page No: 1-11

Novelty Journals

Website: www.noveltyjournals.com

Published Date: 08-September-2023