Abstract: Considering the above analysis, we should address the ‘new terrorism’ that was created by Palestinian organizations as an existential threat from the inside comparable to the invasion of Arab armies as an external threat and not as a ‘nuisance’ to the lifestyle that can be lived with for many years. Like armies can destroy a country from the outside, the ‘new terrorism’, which was expressed in the second Intifada, can destroy a modern state from the inside.

Abstract: The performance of the Nigerian public sector leaders both elected and selected has been a major concern to researchers. Thus, the fundamental impute of this paper is to contribute to our understanding of the meaning and nature of democratic government and its linkages to the common good and nation building through ethical leadership. Furthermore, it reviewed the purpose and the forms of government dynamics and functions, as well as the objectives and aspirations of the people. The Defining Issues Test (DIT-2) and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ X5) was used to obtain the necessary data. Partial Least Square- Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) software (Ringle, Wende, & Will., 2005), and the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) were applied in the analysis of the collected data. Nigeria is endowed with wealth of rich and varied human, natural and cultural resources which are great asset to her nation building. A positive statistical significant relationship was established between leadership style and post conventional reasoning. Nevertheless, we conclude that the very existence of some national malaise as violent crimes, civil unrest, kidnapping, terrorism, political and electoral malpractices, ethno-religious fragmentation, deteriorating economy, mirrors on relational perspective of the interface between ethical reasoning, democracy and its dividend to the people. We proffer the use of higher cognitive moral development and advocate other measures which would serve as beacons for achieving the desired goal of government.

Abstract: This paper finds the impact of UNDP sponsored projects, basically the community based projects on natural resource management. Africa continent is full of natural resource but most of them are unutilized or under-utilized. To make the people self-sufficient & to make them economic sustainable, natural resource should be utilized & should be managed. The role of Sustainable land management & UNDP small grant programs should be evaluated and should be considered as vital. The research findings also revealed that project beneficiaries had the inclination to produce and sell cash crops provided that enabling environments such as natural assets, financial and technical capacity are present. It can be concluded that such business-mindedness of local communities is a more likely potential that could be transformed and scaled-up into the formation of community-driven ecosystem-based micro-enterprises. At the heart of ecosystem-based micro-enterprises lies the emphasis to market-oriented approaches to resource use and management in order to help grassroots communities generate sustainable socio-economies benefits.

Abstract: The relationship between academic procrastination with self-efficiency and test-anxiety is discussed here to identify the nature of such a relationship and the levels of self-efficiency and test-anxiety among procrastinator university students based on both specialty and gender variables. The study was conducted on a sample of 702 university male and female students in Mu'tah university whom were randomly selected, and the Academic Procrastination , Self-Efficiency, and Test-Anxiety scales were applied on participants. Results indicated that academic procrastination level among participants was medium and that the dimensions of academic procrastination have interpreted as whole about (5.8%) of total contrast in the variable of self-efficiency among participants , and also indicated a significant and positive statistical relationship at alpha > 0.05 between academic procrastination and test-anxiety among participants, and that there were virtual differences between the means for students responses on the academic procrastination, the self-efficiency and the test-anxiety scales based on both gender and specialty variables.

Abstract: Community Radio Station is one innovative idea which started with the help of a ‘Basic Radio’ and has brought revolutionary changes in the lives of people. Earlier Radio used to be a National Broadcaster. Community Radio is for the community, about the community and by the community. Firstly, Community Radio is characterized by the active participation of the community in the process of creating news, information, entertainment and culturally relevant material, with an emphasis on local issues and concerns, current issues, race issues, economic problems, environment, education and many more. Secondly, it is essentially a non-profit enterprise. Thirdly, Community Radio programming is designed by the community, to improve social conditions and the quality of its cultural life. In India, particularly in Gujarat, Community Radio is appreciated by the people and has an active participation to broadcast the shows. (i) Rudi No Radio, is a show run by SEWA (Self Employed Women's Association). It was launched in April 2005 in Ahmadabad district of Gujarat State. (ii) Campus Community Radio was established at The Sardar Patel University of Aanad City, Gujarat, and was also one of the early birds to start Community Radio in Gujarat state. In fact it is the First Campus Community Radio station in Gujarat which has been in the service since 2004.In simple words, "Community Radio Station is a tool to bring communities and people together, give them power of communication to discuss various subjects affecting the community and try to bring positive change in it”.

Abstract: Passive tense has been the topic of much debate among the legal language authorities. While some propose its usage is a necessary form and style tool, others find its usage uptight, impersonal, and strange-sounding to the laypeople who also need to understand the legal language. This article brings forth a look at formation of passive voice constructions in English legal language. This grammatical concept, accepted or refused by the linguists, is a permanent fixture in legal language, and it involves downplaying of agency or responsibility. It may be used to show the idea of objectivity, to help prevent difficult sentence structure, or to provide variety in a paragraph. Passive voice constructions are an integral part of legal language and deserve further examination.

Abstract: The current study is carried out to identify the correlation between Psychological Well-Being (PWB) and job satisfaction among English teachers in one of the public universities in Malaysia. This research is to identify the levels of PWB and job satisfaction among the teachers. The purpose of this research is also to discover whether English teachers’ PWB affects the level of their job satisfaction. Ryff’s (1989) PWB model that includes Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Personal Growth, and Positive relationships with others, Purpose in life and Self-acceptance is analyzed in this paper. The data of job satisfaction is gathered using Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ). The data is analyzed using SPSS Statistics Version 20. The result shows that teachers’ job satisfaction is not affected by their state of psychological well-being. The data from the questionnaires shows that teachers have moderate level of job satisfaction and psychological well-being. The generalizability of the research findings may be affected due to the limited participants in this study (30 English language teachers). Therefore, it is suggested that a larger sample to be used with various language teachers for future study. This study could be beneficial for English teachers’ career development together with the growth of today’s education.

Abstract: Prior to the commencement of Obasanjo’s administration in 1999 and the introduction of the National Rebirth Programme, Nigerian civil/public service was plagued by moral decadence, inefficiency and poor attitude to work. Moreover, vices such as corruption, indiscipline, and other related parochial considerations became prevalent in place of meritocracy, diligence and accountability. This study examined the National Rebirth Programme with a view to determining the effects it has had on the attitude and behaviour patterns of Nigerians with emphasis on Akwa Ibom State civil servants. The article utilized a combination of data from the primary and secondary sources, which were analyzed within the context of structural functional theory. The analysis revealed that the National Rebirth Programme have had a positive impact on the moral character, ethical behaviour and general attitude of Akwa Ibom State civil servants as it has engendered a reduction in the level of corruption, discipline and increased work commitment in the civil service. However, a greater proportion of civil servants are still influenced by certain negative forces within the larger society. Consequently, the article recommended among others, that government should make civic education compulsory to all civil servants in order to help in inculcating the right values and ideals in the citizenry, while earnest effort should be made to address the poor conditions of service thus reducing the negative tendencies towards inefficiency, ineffectiveness and moral decadence.

Abstract: Religious Policy a representation of a ruler that signifies a particular characteristic. Tipu Sultan, though virtual ruler of Mysore, recognised the nominal sovereignty of the Hindu Maharaja in whose service he had risen to such great power. He gave more importance for the non Muslim Religions. He gave gifts to many temples.