Abstract:This paper is an ethical reflection on globalization and the negative effects it could cause particularly in developing countries. It aims to unmask the chasm between globalization in theory and globalization in practice and then offer a new approach that can help at least to lessen the negative impacts of globalization. It is commonly understood that globalization in nature is a process of interaction aiming at integration among people, business and government of different countries. Strongly marked by free market economic system, globalization emerges as a movement that offers a new hope for societies at large to live a better life. Unfortunately, the credo of competition promoted by free market economy, generally, fails to significantly reduce inequality. Since functioning as economic grand narrative, free market economy in practice tends to marginalize local economic wisdom and even paves the way for big corporations to control globalization. The gap between the advanced countries and the developing countries still has become global issue to address. Reviving the original position of economy and adopting the culture of society as a fair system of social cooperation can help to build anew the spirit of globalization to fight inequality. What we need is but a fair system of management and regulation with which all parties of both developed and developing countries are unexceptionally bound to comply.
Keywords:Globalization, economic grand narrative, competition, the original position of economy, embedded economy, fair social cooperation, maximin strategy.

Abstract:This study examined Boko Haram Terrorism and Military Counter-Terrorism Strategy in Borno State, Northeast Nigeria by beaming the searchlight on the social, economic and psychological effects of the military approach. Boko Haram has launched menacing and catastrophic attacks on many civilians and military personnel and installations, amongst others, resulting in several deaths and casualties.  Military strategy of fire-force has been adopted to counter the terrorists, but which also has resulted in several deaths, arrests and other human rights abuses. The study, therefore, focused on Borno State in the northeast of the country from the period 2009 – 2016. The rational for choosing the period is that it was the height of the Boko Haram attacks with attendant consequences; and also it was when the military exercised professionalism despite the short-comings stated above.  The study relied on secondary sources such as journals, newspapers, thesis, agency’s publications, government publications and books and content analysed them based on the study objectives. The study concluded that the military made appreciable gains in its counter-terrorism campaign against Boko Haram, however much still needed to be done judging from the pain suffered by the people as a result of the military exercise. The study recommended the adoption of the soft approach by which the ex-terrorists could be offered opportunity to acquire skills in hope that this would encourage the fighting members to lay down their arms, and also dissuade potential youths from joining the terrorist organisation.
Keywords:Boko Haram, Terrorism, Counter-Terrorism, Military Strategy. 

Abstract:The paper tends to discuss the sociological evaluation of the importance of women education and their socio economic activities in Fika local government area of Yobe state, Nigeria. The paper focused on the concept of women education, the concept of socio economic development and the importance of women education in socio economic development. This study used descriptive correlation design, qualitative and quantitative approach and also the total population of 66901 and the sample size of 382 respondents while questionnaire and interview guide were used as research instruments. the study also used sample  frequency and percentage techniques, means and standard deviation and the Pearson linear correlation co-efficient (PLCC) to correlate the relationship between women education and the element of socio economic development in Fika  local government area of Yobe state. The finding of this study revealed that there is positive correlation between women education and their household income level, but there was no significant correlation with the overall element of socio-economic development. The recommendation of this study revealed that all effort to empower women should be directed toward educational empowerment. This is because all of the construct of women education in terms of socio-economic development have significant effect on their family and social development.
Keywords:sociological evaluation, women education, economic activities, social development.

Abstract:This paper demonstrates the community-centric existence of the Santal, from which emerges a socialistic view of religion. For the Santal, religion is the symbol and expression of a collective living. The Santal’s idea of the sacred generates from fear, anxiety and survival strategies, and is not limited to an impalpable higher being, but also responds to different components of nature. The meaning of an individual’s being is wholly manifested only in conjunction with other aspects of the world that s/he lives in. These comprise inanimate and animate elements of the nature, such as hills, forests, rivers, birds and animals, as well as a belief system that include gods, spirits and ancestors. As the Santal philosophy is based on pleasure principle and a pacifist view of life, it does not believe in dividing among the people.
Rather than centering religiosity on the hierarchical relationship with one high god, the Santal practices camaraderie with anthropomorphic spirits that intercept one’s everyday life and activities. Although the Santal considers Dharam as the supreme spirit, s/he also believes in propitiating the village spirits as well as the ancestral and domestic spirits, who keep a watch over the villagers and stand for the betterment of the village, communal health and happiness.
Indigenous groups like the Santal percieve nature as complementing their being. This makes their understanding of religion and god sensory, inclusionary and a part of the mundane. They conceive different communal gatherings and festivities as well as birth, marriage and death rites in terms of bodily experience. For such an individual, the universe and the body share an inter-reciprocal relationship. The phenomenological essence of the Santal spirituality criticizes the modern fractured conception of the world that is essentially dualistic, mechanistic and hierarchical, and uncouples the body from the mind, culture from nature, and human from non-human.
Keywords:Santal, religion, body, community, spirits.